Mandating a Vaccine with an Unknown Biological Agent is Against International Law

Editor, DL Mullan
COVID / Mandates / Unlawful
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The Biden Administration has violated international law by dictating medical policy to our military, troops and Veterans. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 scare, China, the UN, WHO, CDC, NIH, media, and politicians have argued that the virus had a natural variation that jumped to human transmissibility. When in reality, COVID-19 is a laboratory created biological agent and of this writing is a weapon of unknown origin. 

So how can any government on the Earth demand the manufacture and mandate of a COVID-19 vaccine without being in direct conflict with international law?

For example:  

Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare

The 1925 Geneva Protocol prohibits the use of chemical and biological weapons in war. The Protocol was drawn up and signed at a conference which was held in Geneva under the auspices of the League of Nations from 4 May to 17 June 1925, and it entered into force on 8 February 1928.

 

Biological Weapons Convention 1972

States Parties to the Biological Weapons Convention undertook “never in any circumstances to develop, produce, stockpile or otherwise acquire or retain:

1. microbial or other biological agents, or toxins whatever their origin or method of production, of types and in quantities that have no justification for prophylactic, protective or other peaceful purposes;
2. weapons, equipment or means of delivery designed to use such agents or toxins for hostile purposes or in armed conflict.”

For reference, viruses were added to the definition of biological agent in 1969.

 

United States' State Department

The adherence to these conventions is on the United States' own State Department's website:

The core obligations of Parties under the Convention are

• Never to develop, produce, stockpile, or otherwise acquire or retain: 1) biological agents or toxins of types and in quantities that have no justification for peaceful uses; and 2) weapons, equipment, or means of delivery designed to use such agents or toxins for hostile purposes (Article I).
• To destroy or divert to peaceful purposes all agents, toxins, weapons, equipment, and means of delivery specified in Article I in their possession, or under their jurisdiction or control (Article II).
• Not to transfer or in any way to assist, encourage, or induce any entity to manufacture or otherwise acquire any of the agents, toxins, weapons, equipment or means of delivery specified in Article I (Article III).
• To take any necessary measures to prohibit and prevent the development, production, stockpiling, acquisition, or retention of any of the agents, toxins, weapons, equipment, and means of delivery specified in Article I under its jurisdiction or control (Article IV).

When a biological agent comes from a weapons laboratory and created via gain of function technology, the resultant virus or bacteria needs to be defined, catalogued, and tested under strict scientific protocols not to mention the law, its rules and regulations.

China destroyed its early samples of the pandemic-creating COVID-19 virus, has denied access to the Wuhan lab to investigators, and has been complicit with creating biological weapons in their laboratories as a means of warfare:

• China confirms US accusations that it destroyed early samples of the novel coronavirus, but says it was done for 'biosafety reasons'.
• Chinese scientists destroyed proof of virus in December
• China deliberately destroyed evidence about start of coronavirus, report says
• China denies entry to WHO team sent to investigate coronavirus origin

So again how can any government or corporate entity demand the use of vaccines when the nature of the viral outbreak is still yet undetermined? How is it allowable to create bioweapons in the form of vaccines when the originating viral samples are lost to the ages?

Just what are the vaccines comprised of that would not violate international law? 

Why are state actors and agencies trying so hard to circumvent international law by arguing that the COVID-19 viral agent is not from a weapons laboratory, specifically from Wuhan, China? 

Governments demanding the manufacture, sale, distribution, and use of a weaponized viral strain of the coronavirus would be permissible under international treaties' legitimate peaceful purposes, including developing medicines and vaccines to counter natural or deliberate disease outbreaks, however when states demand or mandate such counter measures for corporate and state agency profits, governments have crossed the line between peaceful purposes into nefarious means. 

Especially when the international community, media, government agencies and politicians keep hidden the origination of viral outbreak, the virus itself, any and all means of treatments that are not associated with corporate profit via vaccine mandates.

Treatments that are cost and biologically effective against COVID-19 have been disputed and regulated to the "conspiracy theory" deflection in order to promote the fallacy that no other legitimate means of countering the virus exists. This denial of medical science allows for governments to fast-track vaccine production for state agency and corporate profit creation. When this happened at the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak, millions of people around the world succumbed to the virus and still are because they are being denied access to remedies that would have saved their lives such as: 

• The Zelenko Protocol, Frontline Doctors
  
• Hydroxychloroquine 
• 5000 IU of Vitamin D3 along with other anti-viral vitamins, all of which are listed in the NIH's database as mitigating infection and spread.  
  

Even when the National Institutes of Health's own studies verified the hydroxychloroquine, Zelenko treatments back in 2005:

• Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread

Emergency Use Authorization, or EUAs, are dependent on the sole fact that no other successful therapeutic treatment, exists. 

We should stick to the facts: 

• COVID-19 is a biological weapon. 
• COVID-19 has the status of an unknown origination. 
• COVID-19 has several treatments available for use by the public that is successful in reducing spread and the mortality rate. 
• COVID-19 does not need a vaccine. 
• COVID-19 vaccines do not fit within the guidelines for EUA status from the FDA.
  

So the Biden Administration has no legal footing to demand our troops, Veterans, or any American corporation, citizen be forced to take the COVID-19 vaccine.

Until the original samples, origination, and understanding of the virus is complete, then the governments around the world should honor the Geneva Protocol and other treaties like the Biological Weapons Convention in dealing with the COVID-19 virus. 

Vaccines can only be given priority if there are no other therapeutics available, which in the case of COVID-19 successful protocols to treat this virus are readily accessible.  

This article alone dispels the need for vaccines, mandates, and advises that governments honor their commitments to biological weapons treaties and end their unlawful vaccine mandates and passports.

Sources: United Nations Geneva Protocol, United Nations Biological Weapons Convention, United States' State Department, Business Insider, MSN, The Times,  NIH, C19HCQ, Zelenko,

 

 

Illegal Immigration is a Central Bank, Drug Cartel Money Laundering Scheme Hiding Behind Por La Causa

Staff Writer, DL Mullan

Illegal Immigration / United Nations

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This is how illegal immigration works... refugee crisis is fake news. Refugees from the Middle East to Central and South America were created by the unelected elite masquerading as Never Trumpers and intellectual finger pointers that we all know as the Deep State, stay behind networks, and the Shadow Government.

The best action any nation can take across the world to rid themselves of Globalist refugee crises is to learn an important word called: deportation. Deport the so-called refugees. It is nothing but a ruse.

Support VDPG

Here is how the Global Government of unelected bureaucrats and elitists work to end nations so no one can stand up to their full spectrum dominance plan of world enslavement.

For example in the western hemisphere, the Central Banks in collaboration with the United Nations collapse Third World countries with "drug" wars and resource mining until those nations are sold into serfdom of communism and socialism. When in reality, the banks own all their natural resources, and the United Nations wants to remove large populations through their Earth Summit, Agenda 21 policies.

Look up Wildlands Network.

The elites puppeteer conservation and environmental organizations and their causes to evict undesirables in order to create Multinational Corporate islands to save the Rainforest and Wildlife!

Liars.

The Central Banks believe in unending expansion, which is a failure. So much so, that the only way the banks can survive is through the Black Market Trade (i.e., drugs, trafficking, etc.). Without the influx of drug cartel money, the banks would fold. One, because their monetary philosophy is unsound. Two, because the banks have gutted industry and manufacturing, and especially the small business sector, for the hype called China. Three, the banks want everyone subservient to them. While, four, the banks make us trade in foreign notes instead of hard currency, and then they use their excess fiat currency to buy up hard assets like land and business.

Still the banking system fails.

So the Central Bankers come up with new ways to create profit: wars. All wars are bankers' wars. Drug war. War on Terror. Name a war, the Central Bankers are funding both sides to keep the currency markets bustling.

Oh, and to get rich.

So the Drug Cartels use the populations that have had their economies imploded by our Deep State, who is behind the Central Banks and the United Nations, to further their reach by filling the vacuum left behind by real political leadership.

The Deep State bureaucrats believe that they should be making our decisions and that the people are sheep to been culled.

Read the Georgia Guidestones.

The Cartels run guns, operatives, adults, children, drugs, and more without much resistance. MS-13 is now in Europe. Clinton, Bush, and Obama did nothing to curtail these brutal gangs and their cartel masters.

If you do not believe what has been innumerated here, then why is George Soros and Mastercard through the United Nations funding the Migrant Caravan into the United States? Each migrant gets a sum of money. That is American tax dollars siphoned off through payment to the United Nations and given to NGOs (Non Governmental Organizations). Then the money is handed over to unvetted illegal aliens to blow through other nation's borders.

“Migrants are often forced into lives of despair in their host communities because they cannot gain access to financial, healthcare and government services. Our potential investment in this social enterprise, coupled with Mastercard’s ability to create products that serve vulnerable communities, can show how private capital can play a constructive role in solving social problems,” said George Soros. “Humanity Ventures is intended to be profitable so as to stimulate involvement from other businesspeople. We also hope to establish standards of practice to ensure that investments are not exploitative of the vulnerable communities we intend to serve.”

Also read The European Union Times article: Soros Partners with Mastercard to Hand Out Money to Migrants.  

• Caravan migrants break Guatemala border fence, rush Mexico
• Migrants in Tijuana rush toward US border in show of force, tear gas fired by US agents 

When the adults and children get here, they receive public assistance at every level. Americans pay for this welfare too. The money the illegal aliens send back home also furthers the cartels. If the illegal aliens do not work as coyotes or drug dealers here in Mexico and the United States, then the cartels take off the top of any funds transferred to Latin American countries.

• Mexican Cartels Launder $10 Billion into US per Year
• Drug Cartels Make $64 Billion a Year from the U.S.
• The Mexican Drug Cartels’ Other Business: Sex Trafficking
• Cartels make $500 million a year from smuggling illegal immigrants

How did you think this worked?

The Cartels own politicians... whole towns in Latin America funded by the American taxpayer through the United Nations supported by Deep State operatives to create chaos for global governance.

One way to end the ruse: BUILD THAT WALL.

Stop funding the United Nations, the Central Bankers, and Drug Cartels.

Once the cartels have enough people in the USA, the real Civil War begins. Look into the racist ramblings of MeCHA, La Raza. These organizations spew public mythology that the USA stole Mexican, Latin American land like the Aztecs had any monuments established this far north.

But sheep will believe anything...

Behind the National Council de La Raza's respectable veneer are the organization's support of other secondary "La Raza" racist organizations such as Movimento Estudantil Chicano de Aztlan (MEChA) or the Chicano Students Movement of Aztlan. Since its beginnings in the radical 1960s, MEChA has spread across the entire U.S. gaining footholds in colleges and universities and promoting racial supremist La Raza ideologies and the "reconquista" agenda of the mythical Aztlan.

The MEChA manifesto can be read on their own Web sites, though few Latino students who join this organization (mostly for the MEChA social events) ever bother to read the garbage they post. The "El Plan Espirtual de Aztlan" (The Spiritual Plan for Aztlan) lays out their founding principles, "We are a bronze people with a bronze culture. Before the world, before all of North America, before all our brothers in the bronze continent, we are a nation, we are a union of free pueblos, we are Aztlan. For La Raza todo. Fuera de La Raza nada." The last two sentences translate "For the Race everything. Outside the Race nothing."

MEChA and other Raza movements teach that Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico, Oregon, Texas, Utah and parts of Washington state are part of an area that was called by the Aztecs Aztlan before the arrival of European settlers. They believe that La Raza, the descendants of the Aztecs, are heirs to this land and La Raza should re-conquer Aztlan by any means necessary. This is what is meant by "reconquista." But they are content to re-conquer Aztlan through illegal immigration if need be, building their numbers until they have complete power without firing a shot.

The fact is natives lived on this land until the Vatican and Spaniards seized the land by force. Much of the pueblos were tortured and killed by the Spaniards. Yet, Latin Americans are still Catholic and speak Spanish to this day.

That is called; hypocrisy.

After the Mexicans threw out their colonial masters, they tried their hand at imperialism with the United States. We handed Santa Anna his ass. Read the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, see Our Documents. We gave amnesty. We settled debts. We PAID for this land even though we won the war.

The USA owes Mexico and the Mexican people absolutely nothing. In the above treaty, Article IX (below) enumerates how Mexicans, and really any foreigners, are not owed any special treatment. You are to conform to our ways, culture, language, etc. That is the treaty. That is the law.

"The Mexicans who, in the territories aforesaid, shall not preserve the character of citizens of the Mexican Republic, conformably with what is stipulated in the preceding article, shall be incorporated into the Union of the United States. and be admitted at the proper time (to be judged of by the Congress of the United States) to the enjoyment of all the rights of citizens of the United States, according to the principles of the Constitution; and in the mean time, shall be maintained and protected in the free enjoyment of their liberty and property, and secured in the free exercise of their religion without restriction."

So the Aztlan narrative is just a fantasy made up to control a population for political purposes.  Nothing more. So that too makes Dreamers, DACA recipients, another farce imposed on the American people.

And the media these people love so very much because these pretty people feed the sheep what they want to hear are owned by the Multinational Corporations, the Central Banks, and the United Nations running all of the illegal activities and lies. 

Now turn off CNN for god's sake and read a book.

Source: Our Documents, Info From Sources, Unbelievable Facts, MasterCard, Police Mag,

Solar Grand Minimum Makes Paris Accords Look Foolish

Staff Writer, DL Mullan

Paris Accords / Climate Change
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As mayors and governors lament over the United States pull out of the Paris Climate Accords, actual scientists have been at work. 

United Nations' treaties, accords, and what have you are about politics and social engineering, none of those agreements are based on actual science. If they were, people would come to realize that the sun creates weather and our sun is headed toward a Solar Grand Minimum.

No Global Warming. No Climate Change... just a regularly scheduled break in solar activity that will lead us into a mini ice age like what was seen during the Maunder Minimum:

The Maunder minimum is the name given to a period of extreme solar inactivity that occurred between 1645 and 1710. Of particular interest is that this period of inactivity corresponds closely to one of the coldest periods of the so-called "Little Ice Age" in Europe, a time of long, cold winters that caused severe hardships in the pre-industrial revolution world. This has led scientists to extensively study the possible influences of solar activity on terrestrial climate, as well as examine other stars for evidence of activity cycle behavior similar to the Sun's.

We are headed there now: 

The Sun in Transition? Persistence of the Near-Surface structural changes through Cycle 24

Even if you cannot read the science, you can very well understand the pictures. 

Climate change connected to Global Warming is fake news. Made up by politicians and debunked by real science. 

Maybe mayors and governors should start listening to the smart people instead of being sheep. 

Source: Cornell University Physics, Free Online Science Encyclopedia

Learn about Space Weather with the SUN SERIES

Staff Writer, DL Mullan
Science / Heliosphere
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Since there are many questions about how weather and climate are created, here are a few videos to help mitigate the confusion: 

 The Sun Series  

Source: Suspicious Observers

Acts of War: Aztlan Mythology, Open Borders, and the Lies of Social Justice

Staff Writer, DL Mullan

Mexican Mythology / History 
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Ever heard of the propaganda of Open Borders? How about people should be free to immigrate wherever they want to?  How about the myth of Aztlan? 

In today's political climate, Americans are bombarded with several viewpoints about immigration and how our immigration laws are unfair. How Americans need to change for the "open borders" movement. With Mexicans protesting in American streets and waving Mexican flags against the American People, Americans are confused to the injury claimed was inflicted upon poor Hispanics. 

What if that sympathy for an unfair injury is misplaced? What if a century's old mythology of land lost is the real culprit of Hispanic disrespect and indignation for American sovereignty? 

Let's delve into the history of the United States and Mexico as well we bring before the court of public opinion two treaties and one war. 

The Mexican-American War   
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848)
Gadsden Purchase Treaty   

These three historical entities comprise the reality of new nations seeking to define themselves and their boundaries. 

America back in the early part of the 19th Century had offered Mexico money for all the lands north of the Rio Grande River including California and New Mexico. The new state of Texas was also under the control of the United States after Texas has won its independence from the former. 

Mexico and the United States' relationship was strained with border identity issues as well as citizen claims against Mexico. The United States sought resolution through diplomatic changes, which failed.

Mexico, claiming that the boundary was the Nueces Riverto the northeast of the Rio Grande, considered the advance of Taylor’s army an act of aggression and in April 1846 sent troops across the Rio Grande. Polk, in turn, declared the Mexican advance to be an invasion of U.S. soil, and on May 11, 1846, asked Congress to declare war on Mexico, which it did two days later. 

Thus began the Mexican-American War.

Following the defeat of the Mexican army and the fall of Mexico City, in September 1847, the Mexican government surrendered and peace negotiations began. The war officially ended with the February 2, 1848, signing in Mexico of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. The treaty added an additional 525,000 square miles to United States territory, including the land that makes up all or parts of present-day Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah and Wyoming. Mexico also gave up all claims to Texas and recognized the Rio Grande as America’s southern boundary. In return, the United States paid Mexico $15 million and agreed to settle all claims of U.S. citizens against Mexico.

Yet the myth of Aztlan persists. Mexico lost the war with America and lands north of the Rio Grande River. If America had been unjust in the capture of these assets then why pay $12 million plus 6% per annum in interest, culminating in the sum of $15 million? 

The lands of California, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, Nevada, Colorado, Wyoming, Oregon, and Washington State were all paid for by the United States' government. Over 160 years have passed and yet the border problems continue for Americans.

Even back in history, the United States and Mexico again entered into another treaty to clarify their national boundaries: The Gadsden Purchase of 1853.

In consideration of the foregoing stipulations, the Government of the United States agrees to pay to the government of Mexico, in the city of New York, the sum of ten millions of dollars, of which seven millions shall be paid immediately upon the exchange of the ratifications of this treaty, and the remaining three millions as soon as the boundary line shall be surveyed, marked, and established.

Again, the United States has offered the nation of Mexico money for any lands that may be ceded by the foreign country to produce a mutual border. 

The several provisions, stipulations, and restrictions contained in the 7th article of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo shall remain in force only so far as regards the Rio Bravo del Forte, below the initial of the said boundary provided in the first article of this treaty; that is to say, below the intersection of the 31° 47'30'/ parallel of latitude, with the boundary line established by the late treaty dividing said river from its mouth upwards, according to the fifth article of the treaty of Guadalupe.

The treaty was ratified by both parties. Still the myth that the United States stole land from Mexico prevails in the urban legends of Mexican-Americans and illegal Mexican immigrants alike. 

Two organizations that influence Hispanics in the states are: La Raza and MEChA. Both push this false narrative of being victims of white supremacists activities instead of researching history and the treaties for themselves.

The ideologies of this open lie within the Hispanic community is described as:

The most visible of these groups are MEChA, The Brown Berets de Aztlan, OLA (Organization for the Liberation of Aztlan), La Raza Unida Party, and the "Nation of Aztlan" to name a few. Although the activism of these organizations vary from somewhat radical to extremely radical, they share the same objectives, the "liberation of Aztlan." Each follows the Raza manifesto "El Plan de Aztlan (sometimes called "El Plan Espiritual de Aztlan"). The Nation of Aztlan, tied to La Voz de Aztlan disseminates the exact same propaganda that MEChA spreads including antisemitic propaganda. Believers in the Aztlan legend insist upon the indivisibility of "La Raza" and their common goals, one of them being the need to abolish the border between the U.S. and Mexico. There is a myriad of Raza college newspaper. 

MEChA's own website even states their intentions of direct hostilities against the United State government, which is treason and an act of war, and the American People. The first paragraph of the site reads:

We, Movimiento Estudiantil Chican@ de Aztlan (M.E.Ch.A), stand with the Ayotzinapa 43, their families, and their community. As the largest and oldest organization of Chican@ youth within the occupied indigenous land known as the United States of America, we refuse to follow suit of said government by remaining silent about the realities terrorizing our gente in Mexico

This derision has not been felt more in recent years but in the current American election cycle. Even rioters were keeping Americans from exercising their freedoms and rights while waving Mexican flags: Over 20 People Arrested When Protest Becomes Violent at Trump Rally. This "movement" is no more about freedom then their supposed angst against the "realities terrorizing our gente in Mexico." It's about terrorizing Americans too. 

These Hispanic protesters even yell: "Go back to Europe," which highlights the ignorance of this movement and the brainwashing contained within its group think since their Spanish blood comes from, you guessed it: Europe. Here's the footage: Mexican Flag Waving Protesters Disrupt Peaceful Trump Rally.

When will Americans be freed from the lies of Hispanics' imaginary "occupied indigenous land" that we not only won in war, but also we paid for to the country of Mexico?

Social justice demands reparations for past injuries that have never taken place. Ignorance or racism on the part of Hispanics fuels the flames of this radical religious belief of a mythical land stolen from Hispanics by the white establishment government of the United States.

Social justice has adopted this "injustice" instead of reading and understanding history itself. Even the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo has many fine points Mexican-Amerians should apprise themselves on:

Those who shall prefer to remain in the said territories may either retain the title and rights of Mexican citizens, or acquire those of citizens of the United States. But they shall be under the obligation to make their election within one year from the date of the exchange of ratifications of this treaty; and those who shall remain in the said territories after the expiration of that year, without having declared their intention to retain the character of Mexicans, shall be considered to have elected to become citizens of the United States.

Even over 160 years ago, the United States did not want foreign immigrants residing in the country loyal to a foreign government.

The Mexicans who, in the territories aforesaid, shall not preserve the character of citizens of the Mexican Republic, conformably with what is stipulated in the preceding article, shall be incorporated into the Union of the United States. and be admitted at the proper time (to be judged of by the Congress of the United States) to the enjoyment of all the rights of citizens of the United States, according to the principles of the Constitution; and in the mean time, shall be maintained and protected in the free enjoyment of their liberty and property, and secured in the free exercise of their religion without restriction.

Immigration was seamless and lawful under this treaty. Same as today, Mexicans still do not have the right to emigrate where and as they please without the express permission of a neighboring foreign nation. Let's repeat the treaty's line: "and be admitted at the proper time (to be judged of by the Congress of the United States)."

The United States dictates its border policies, not social justice movements or victimization mythologies.  This interpretation of citizenship under this treaty is still enforce today, yet Mexicans and Mexican-Americans view their immigration status as a fluid "human right" fallacy that disrespects other people and other nations. 

All this information and Mexico's cessation of lands was reaffirmed in the Gadsden Purchase Treaty. A treaty Santa Ana signed because he ran his country into the ground and needed the money. That is fact.

If you would like more history factoids, please see our links and sources.

The United State's immigration laws and policies are not at fault in this matter only the "interpretation" of a bygone mythology that seeks to undermine treaties and relations between two neighboring countries.

The onslaught of Hispanic and Latin American influx defies the treaties already set with Mexico. A border fence would help stem the tide of illegal immigration into the United States. Yet a former Mexican President predicts any activities to protect American citizens from human and sex trafficking, violent gangs, and the illicit drug trade as well as illegal immigration is in Vicente Fox's summation: "would lead to a war with Mexico."

Election politics aside, the former Mexican President stated: “He is ugly America,” Fox continued, arguing Trump’s policies could lead to war. “He is the hated gringo because he’s attacking all of us. He’s offending all of us.”

Isn't invading a neighboring nation with over 30 million illegal immigrants over the decades an attack on a neighboring nation?  Isn't this aggressive behavior an act of war in and upon itself, Mr. Fox? During your time as the President of Mexico you oversaw this invasion first hand, wouldn't that suggest that you have already personally declared war on the United States?

Since the middle part of the 19th Century Mexico has fostered a mythology and now a social justice cause that promotes the disrespect of national boundaries, it encourages the illegal immigration of not only its own people but peoples from Latin America. Shouldn't these acts against American interests and sovereignty be considered acts of war since these acts void the intent of the aforementioned treaties to establish boundaries and enumerate conditions of respect as well as define American citizenship to be the right of our Congress to stipulate?

Mr. Fox should tread on this subject with more respect to Americans who are tired of unskilled, uneducated, and uninformed individuals transgressing our sovereign territory like no national boundaries exist for the implementation of an aggressive action against the United States government and its People to fulfill a defunct and illegitimate ideology comprising the hate-filled mythological Aztlan. 

What's more offensive? Being called thieves and liars? Being overrun by illegal immigrants who believe a racist mythology? Or, being told that our national sovereignty is an act of war?

Sources: History Channel, Mayomo, Buzzfeed, Movimiento Estudiantil Chican@ de Aztlan (MEChA),

Gadsden Purchase Treaty

Staff Writer, R. Patrcik Chapman
History / Treaties 
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BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

A PROCLAMATION.

WHEREAS a treaty between the United States of America and the Mexican Republic was concluded and signed at the City of Mexico on the thirtieth day of December, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-three; which treaty, as amended by the Senate of the United States, and being in the English and Spanish languages, is word for word as follows:
 

IN THE NAME OF ALMIGHTY GOD:

The Republic of Mexico and the United States of America desiring to remove every cause of disagreement which might interfere in any manner with the better friendship and intercourse between the two countries, and especially in respect to the true limits which should be established, when, notwithstanding what was covenanted in the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in the year 1848, opposite interpretations have been urged, which might give occasion to questions of serious moment: to avoid these, and to strengthen and more firmly maintain the peace which happily prevails between the two republics, the President of the United States has, for this purpose, appointed James Gadsden, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the same, near the Mexican government, and the President of Mexico has appointed as Plenipotentiary "ad hoc" his excellency Don Manuel Diez de Bonilla, cavalier grand cross of the national and distinguished order of Guadalupe, and Secretary of State, and of the office of Foreign Relations, and Don Jose Salazar Ylarregui and General Mariano Monterde as scientific commissioners, invested with full powers for this negotiation, who, having communicated their respective full powers, and finding them in due and proper form, have agreed upon the articles following:
 

ARTICLE I

The Mexican Republic agrees to designate the following as her true limits with the United States for the future: retaining the same dividing line between the two Californias as already defined and established, according to the 5th article of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, the limits between the two republics shall be as follows: Beginning in the Gulf of Mexico, three leagues from land, opposite the mouth of the Rio Grande, as provided in the 5th article of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo; thence, as defined in the said article, up the middle of that river to the point where the parallel of 31° 47' north latitude crosses the same; thence due west one hundred miles; thence south to the parallel of 31° 20' north latitude; thence along the said parallel of 31° 20' to the 111th meridian of longitude west of Greenwich; thence in a straight line to a point on the Colorado River twenty English miles below the junction of the Gila and Colorado rivers; thence up the middle of the said river Colorado until it intersects the present line between the United States and Mexico.

For the performance of this portion of the treaty, each of the two governments shall nominate one commissioner, to the end that, by common consent the two thus nominated, having met in the city of Paso del Norte, three months after the exchange of the ratifications of this treaty, may proceed to survey and mark out upon the land the dividing line stipulated by this article, where it shall not have already been surveyed and established by the mixed commission, according to the treaty of Guadalupe, keeping a journal and making proper plans of their operations. For this purpose, if they should judge it necessary, the contracting parties shall be at liberty each to unite to its respective commissioner, scientific or other assistants, such as astronomers and surveyors, whose concurrence shall not be considered necessary for the settlement and of a true line of division between the two Republics; that line shall be alone established upon which the commissioners may fix, their consent in this particular being considered decisive and an integral part of this treaty, without necessity of ulterior ratification or approval, and without room for interpretation of any kind by either of the parties contracting.

The dividing line thus established shall, in all time, be faithfully respected by the two governments, without any variation therein, unless of the express and free consent of the two, given in conformity to the principles of the law of nations, and in accordance with the constitution of each country respectively.

In consequence, the stipulation in the 5th article of the treaty of Guadalupe upon the boundary line therein described is no longer of any force, wherein it may conflict with that here established, the said line being considered annulled and abolished wherever it may not coincide with the present, and in the same manner remaining in full force where in accordance with the same.
 

ARTICLE II.

The government of Mexico hereby releases the United States from all liability on account of the obligations contained in the eleventh article of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo; and the said article and the thirty-third article of the treaty of amity, commerce, and navigation between the United States of America and the United Mexican States concluded at Mexico, on the fifth day of April, 1831, are hereby abrogated.
 

ARTICLE III.

In consideration of the foregoing stipulations, the Government of the United States agrees to pay to the government of Mexico, in the city of New York, the sum of ten millions of dollars, of which seven millions shall be paid immediately upon the exchange of the ratifications of this treaty, and the remaining three millions as soon as the boundary line shall be surveyed, marked, and established.
 

ARTICLE IV.

The provisions of the 6th and 7th articles of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo having been rendered nugatory, for the most part, by the cession of territory granted in the first article of this treaty, the said articles are hereby abrogated and annulled, and the provisions as herein expressed substituted therefor. The vessels, and citizens of the United States shall, in all time, have free and uninterrupted passage through the Gulf of California, to and from their possessions situated north of the boundary line of the two countries. It being understood that this passage is to be by navigating the Gulf of California and the river Colorado, and not by land, without the express consent of the Mexican government; and precisely the same provisions, stipulations, and restrictions, in all respects, are hereby agreed upon and adopted, and shall be scrupulously observed and enforced by the two contracting governments in reference to the Rio Colorado, so far and for such distance as the middle of that river is made their common boundary line by the first article of this treaty.

The several provisions, stipulations, and restrictions contained in the 7th article of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo shall remain in force only so far as regards the Rio Bravo del Forte, below the initial of the said boundary provided in the first article of this treaty; that is to say, below the intersection of the 31° 47'30'/ parallel of latitude, with the boundary line established by the late treaty dividing said river from its mouth upwards, according to the fifth article of the treaty of Guadalupe. 

 

ARTICLE V.

All the provisions of the eighth and ninth, sixteenth and seventeenth articles of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, shall apply to the territory ceded by the Mexican Republic in the first article of the present treaty, and to all the rights of persons and property, both civil and ecclesiastical, within the same, as fully and as effectually as if the said articles were herein again recited and set forth. 

 

ARTICLE VI.

No grants of land within the territory ceded by the first article of this treaty bearing date subsequent to the day-twenty-fifth of September-when the minister and subscriber to this treaty on the part of the United States, proposed to the Government of Mexico to terminate the question of boundary, will be considered valid or be recognized by the United States, or will any grants made previously be respected or be considered as obligatory which have not been located and duly recorded in the archives of Mexico.
 

ARTICLE VII.

Should there at any future period (which God forbid) occur any disagreement between the two nations which might lead to a rupture of their relations and reciprocal peace, they bind themselves in like manner to procure by every possible method the adjustment of every difference; and should they still in this manner not succeed, never will they proceed to a declaration of war, without having previously paid attention to what has been set forth in article twenty-one of the treaty of Guadalupe for similar cases; which article, as well as the twenty-second is here reaffirmed.
 

ARTICLE VIII.

The Mexican Government having on the 5th of February, 1853, authorized the early construction of a plank and railroad across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, and, to secure the stable benefits of said transit way to the persons and merchandise of the citizens of Mexico and the United States, it is stipulated that neither government will interpose any obstacle to the transit of persons and merchandise of both nations; and at no time shall higher charges be made on the transit of persons and property of citizens of the United States, than may be made on the persons and property of other foreign nations, nor shall any interest in said transit way, nor in the proceeds thereof, be transferred to any foreign government.

The United States, by its agents, shall have the right to transport across the isthmus, in closed bags, the mails of the United States not intended for distribution along the line of communication; also the effects of the United States government and its citizens, which may be intended for transit, and not for distribution on the isthmus, free of custom-house or other charges by the Mexican government. Neither passports nor letters of security will be required of persons crossing the isthmus and not remaining in the country.

When the construction of the railroad shall be completed, the Mexican government agrees to open a port of entry in addition to the port of Vera Cruz, at or near the terminus of said road on the Gulf of Mexico.

The two governments will enter into arrangements for the prompt transit of troops and munitions of the United States, which that government may have occasion to send from one part of its territory to another, lying on opposite sides of the continent.

The Mexican government having e agreed to protect with its whole power the prosecution, preservation, and security of the work, the United States may extend its protection as it shall judge wise to it when it may feel sanctioned and warranted by the public or international law.
 

ARTICLE IX.

This treaty shall be ratified, and the respective ratifications shall be exchanged at the city of Washington within the exact period of six months from the date of its signature, or sooner, if possible.

In testimony whereof, we, the plenipotentiaries of the contracting parties, have hereunto affixed our hands and seals at Mexico, the thirtieth (30th) day of December, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the thirty-third year of the independence of the Mexican republic, and the seventy-eighth of that of the United States. 

 

JAMES GADSDEN,
MANUEL DIEZ DE BONILLA
JOSE SALAZAR YLARBEGUI
J. MARIANO MONTERDE,


And whereas the said treaty, as amended, has been duly ratified on both parts, and the respective ratifications of the same have this day been exchanged at Washington, by WILLIAM L. MARCY, Secretary of State of the United States, and SENOR GENERAL DON JUAN N. ALMONTE, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the Mexican Republic, on the part of their respective Governments:

Now, therefore, be it known that I, FRANKLIN PIERCE, President of the United States of America, have caused the said treaty to be made public, to the end that the same, and every clause and article thereof, may be observed and fulfilled with good faith by the United States and the citizens thereof

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed.

Done at the city of Washington, this thirtieth day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, and of the Independence of the United States the seventy-eighth.

BY THE PRESIDENT:

FRANKLIN PIERCE,

W. L. MARCY, Secretary of State.

For history students: the Gadsden Purchase Treaty as first negotiated, (in English and Spanish), December 30, 1853 as found in the National Archives.

Source: Yale Law Library

​Pine Ridge Reservation: The Sioux Speak

Staff Writer, DL Mullan

News / Sioux Nation
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Breaking the Set goes on the road to interview residents of the Pine Ridge Reservation.

Pine Ridge reservation Part I: Where despair meets hope

In this episode of Breaking the Set, Abby Martin talks about her trip to Pine Ridge reservation in South Dakota, home to the Oglala Sioux tribe, a subset of the Lakota people and the second poorest county in the US. She first explores the notion of democratic governance by indigenous people centuries before western colonization and how the idea applies to the Lakota Sioux today. Then she features a report from BTS producer, Cody Snell, about the tribe’s vote to legalize alcohol on the reservation in August and the implications prohibition has right now for both Pine Ridge and Whiteclay, Nebraska, a border town profiting immensely from the ban. Abby then remarks on the legacy of Leonard Peltier, a Lakota activist given two life sentences for the murder of two federal agents, despite the lack of evidence connecting him to the crime. BTS wraps up the show with an interview with Yvonne ‘Tiny’ DeCory, coordinator for the BEAR program, a self-sufficient organization that builds children’s self-confidence through workshop and theater in an effort to spread awareness and combat the sky-high suicide rate plaguing Pine Ridge’s youth.

Pine Ridge Reservation Part II: From broken treaties to future sustainability

In this episode of Breaking the Set, Abby Martin discusses the history of the Black Hills in South Dakota, the US government’s seizure of the land and subsequent offer of $1 Billion to the Sioux tribe, which they refuse to accept. Abby speaks with Floyd Looks for Buffalo Hand, Headsman of the Sioux Nation Treaty Council about Christianity’s role in the destruction of native culture and what the concept of treaty means to his people. BTS wraps up the show with an exclusive interview with Henry Red Cloud, the great-great grandson of Chief Red Cloud, the only Native American to ever defeat the US Army in a war. They talk about Henry’s efforts to bring renewable energy to Pine Ridge, and what his great-great grandfather would think of the reservation today.

The Economics of a Real Life Monopoly Game

Staff Writer, DL Mullan

Economics / Government

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Well the bets are in: it looks like another down turn for the economy after the first of the year according to a Reuters article: 

"There may come a point where the financial markets say none of their debt is credible anymore and they can't finance themselves," Eugene F. Fama, one of the three Americans who won this year's Nobel prize, told Reuters in the snow-covered Swedish capital, where he will receive his prize on Tuesday. "If there is another recession, it is going to be worldwide."

Let me get this straight. The unbacked, fiat currencies the world uses at the behest of global banking syndicates to inflate money, cause devaluation, and create mountains of debt is not credible and unable to finance the world?

Get that Peace Prize out of your ear, a third grader could have told us that. It's called: Monopoly. It's a board game with fake money to pay for cars, land, buildings, and sometimes to get you out of jail. Sound familiar?

It's exactly what has been happening in the world for decades. Some group of disturbed individuals has decided that globalism is the way to go for economics, law, and education. In the 1980's as China was in a recession and Japan was in a deep depression for over a decade, the US seemed impervious to their economic decline.

Thanks to treasonous "Trade Agreements" and "Treaties," the US has seen it's economic powerhouse dissolve into the Wall Street Gambling Casino, To Big To Fail Bank Drug Laundering Establishments, and the Military-Industrial Complex No Bid Contract Schemes.
 

Report: $8.5 trillion unaccounted for by Pentagon; $5.8 billion of supplies lost... and Special Report: The Pentagon's doctored ledgers conceal epic waste from Reuters.
 

In the article, Money Laundering and The Drug Trade: The Role of the Banks. We discover that "HSBC, Western Union, Bank of America, JP Morgan Chase&Co, Citigroup, Wachovia amongst many others have allegedly failed to comply with American anti-money laundering (AML) laws."
  

Viewpoint: How Wall Street Rigs the Game by Time Business and Money stated that:

Also consider where the gambling takes place. In a real casino, it is on a casino floor with cameras all over the place. Even if you don’t like Las Vegas gambling, it is regulated. On Wall Street, by contrast, the gambling can be moved to a darkened room where nothing is recorded, observed or tracked. With opaque unregulated derivatives, there are no cameras. In this smoke-filled room, there is maximum temptation to try to exploit unsophisticated investors and conflicts of interest. And this temptation and lack of transparency are what led to the global financial crisis in 2008.

(Tell the Truth: you thought I was making the news up, didn't you? Sorry, just the facts.)

So the whole wide world with no economic boundaries to stop devastating collapse of monetary systems and nations is unsustainable? Yep, just like sustainability itself. The globe is a giant game of Monopoly to a few elites. With Geitner and other oligarchic cronies pushing other countries to deregulate their banking and housing laws prior to the 2008 collapse, the game was set.

However, unlike the elites, many people could not hedge their bets. People lost their homes, their possessions, and their livelihoods. Everything.

What's worse is that this economic globalist catastrophe was done on purpose. Someone needs to go to jail. Let's rephrase that: Lots of people need to go to jail.

In Monopoly like in this current fascist reality, these criminals keep producing the "Get out of Jail Free" card.

The cure for continued economic duplicity and terrorism: no more adhering to "Trade Agreements" or "Treaties" that do not hold protectionist clauses for America, her workers, or her economic stability. No more gambling of people's money through Wall Street. No more laundering drug money via banks. No more money goes to the Pentagon until someone learns to add and subtract.

It is a very rudimentary formula. Any economist would understand it, even one who has won the Noble Peace Prize. Well so did our President and he kills women and children near daily in other countries via drones. Therefore, little hope can be bestowed on anyone to mitigate the coming economic depression of 2014.

Instead of implementing real solutions, we will praise our American economists for their shiny new toys. Meanwhile back in the states, Americans will have their pensions looted and their homes foreclosed on. It's just another day in AmeriKa.

Don't you wish we could go back to a time before the egomaniacs hell bent on global domination gained control of our nation?


Sources... all of the above.