Showing posts with label stolen land. Show all posts
Showing posts with label stolen land. Show all posts

Tuesday, May 24, 2016

Acts of War: Aztlan Mythology, Open Borders, and the Lies of Social Justice

Staff Writer, DL Mullan
Mexican Mythology / History 
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Ever heard of the propaganda of Open Borders? How about people should be free to immigrate wherever they want to?  How about the myth of Aztlan? 

In today's political climate, Americans are bombarded with several viewpoints about immigration and how our immigration laws are unfair. How Americans need to change for the "open borders" movement. With Mexicans protesting in American streets and waving Mexican flags against the American People, Americans are confused to the injury claimed was inflicted upon poor Hispanics. 

What if that sympathy for an unfair injury is misplaced? What if a century's old mythology of land lost is the real culprit of Hispanic disrespect and indignation for American sovereignty? 

Let's delve into the history of the United States and Mexico as well we bring before the court of public opinion two treaties and one war. 

The Mexican-American War   
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848)
Gadsden Purchase Treaty   

These three historical entities comprise the reality of new nations seeking to define themselves and their boundaries. 

America back in the early part of the 19th Century had offered Mexico money for all the lands north of the Rio Grande River including California and New Mexico. The new state of Texas was also under the control of the United States after Texas has won its independence from the former. 

Mexico and the United States' relationship was strained with border identity issues as well as citizen claims against Mexico. The United States sought resolution through diplomatic changes, which failed.
Mexico, claiming that the boundary was the Nueces Riverto the northeast of the Rio Grande, considered the advance of Taylor’s army an act of aggression and in April 1846 sent troops across the Rio Grande. Polk, in turn, declared the Mexican advance to be an invasion of U.S. soil, and on May 11, 1846, asked Congress to declare war on Mexico, which it did two days later. 
Thus began the Mexican-American War.
Following the defeat of the Mexican army and the fall of Mexico City, in September 1847, the Mexican government surrendered and peace negotiations began. The war officially ended with the February 2, 1848, signing in Mexico of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. The treaty added an additional 525,000 square miles to United States territory, including the land that makes up all or parts of present-day Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah and Wyoming. Mexico also gave up all claims to Texas and recognized the Rio Grande as America’s southern boundary. In return, the United States paid Mexico $15 million and agreed to settle all claims of U.S. citizens against Mexico.
Yet the myth of Aztlan persists. Mexico lost the war with America and lands north of the Rio Grande River. If America had been unjust in the capture of these assets then why pay $12 million plus 6% per annum in interest, culminating in the sum of $15 million? 

The lands of California, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, Nevada, Colorado, Wyoming, Oregon, and Washington State were all paid for by the United States' government. Over 160 years have passed and yet the border problems continue for Americans.

Even back in history, the United States and Mexico again entered into another treaty to clarify their national boundaries: The Gadsden Purchase of 1853.
In consideration of the foregoing stipulations, the Government of the United States agrees to pay to the government of Mexico, in the city of New York, the sum of ten millions of dollars, of which seven millions shall be paid immediately upon the exchange of the ratifications of this treaty, and the remaining three millions as soon as the boundary line shall be surveyed, marked, and established.
Again, the United States has offered the nation of Mexico money for any lands that may be ceded by the foreign country to produce a mutual border. 
The several provisions, stipulations, and restrictions contained in the 7th article of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo shall remain in force only so far as regards the Rio Bravo del Forte, below the initial of the said boundary provided in the first article of this treaty; that is to say, below the intersection of the 31° 47'30'/ parallel of latitude, with the boundary line established by the late treaty dividing said river from its mouth upwards, according to the fifth article of the treaty of Guadalupe.
The treaty was ratified by both parties. Still the myth that the United States stole land from Mexico prevails in the urban legends of Mexican-Americans and illegal Mexican immigrants alike. 

Two organizations that influence Hispanics in the states are: La Raza and MEChA. Both push this false narrative of being victims of white supremacists activities instead of researching history and the treaties for themselves.

The ideologies of this open lie within the Hispanic community is described as:
The most visible of these groups are MEChA, The Brown Berets de Aztlan, OLA (Organization for the Liberation of Aztlan), La Raza Unida Party, and the "Nation of Aztlan" to name a few. Although the activism of these organizations vary from somewhat radical to extremely radical, they share the same objectives, the "liberation of Aztlan." Each follows the Raza manifesto "El Plan de Aztlan (sometimes called "El Plan Espiritual de Aztlan"). The Nation of Aztlan, tied to La Voz de Aztlan disseminates the exact same propaganda that MEChA spreads including antisemitic propaganda. Believers in the Aztlan legend insist upon the indivisibility of "La Raza" and their common goals, one of them being the need to abolish the border between the U.S. and Mexico. There is a myriad of Raza college newspaper. 
MEChA's own website even states their intentions of direct hostilities against the United State government, which is treason and an act of war, and the American People. The first paragraph of the site reads:
We, Movimiento Estudiantil Chican@ de Aztlan (M.E.Ch.A), stand with the Ayotzinapa 43, their families, and their community. As the largest and oldest organization of Chican@ youth within the occupied indigenous land known as the United States of America, we refuse to follow suit of said government by remaining silent about the realities terrorizing our gente in Mexico
This derision has not been felt more in recent years but in the current American election cycle. Even rioters were keeping Americans from exercising their freedoms and rights while waving Mexican flags: Over 20 People Arrested When Protest Becomes Violent at Trump Rally. This "movement" is no more about freedom then their supposed angst against the "realities terrorizing our gente in Mexico." It's about terrorizing Americans too. 

These Hispanic protesters even yell: "Go back to Europe," which highlights the ignorance of this movement and the brainwashing contained within its group think since their Spanish blood comes from, you guessed it: Europe. Here's the footage: Mexican Flag Waving Protesters Disrupt Peaceful Trump Rally.

When will Americans be freed from the lies of Hispanics' imaginary "occupied indigenous land" that we not only won in war, but also we paid for to the country of Mexico?

Social justice demands reparations for past injuries that have never taken place. Ignorance or racism on the part of Hispanics fuels the flames of this radical religious belief of a mythical land stolen from Hispanics by the white establishment government of the United States.

Social justice has adopted this "injustice" instead of reading and understanding history itself. Even the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo has many fine points Mexican-Amerians should apprise themselves on:
Those who shall prefer to remain in the said territories may either retain the title and rights of Mexican citizens, or acquire those of citizens of the United States. But they shall be under the obligation to make their election within one year from the date of the exchange of ratifications of this treaty; and those who shall remain in the said territories after the expiration of that year, without having declared their intention to retain the character of Mexicans, shall be considered to have elected to become citizens of the United States.
Even over 160 years ago, the United States did not want foreign immigrants residing in the country loyal to a foreign government.
The Mexicans who, in the territories aforesaid, shall not preserve the character of citizens of the Mexican Republic, conformably with what is stipulated in the preceding article, shall be incorporated into the Union of the United States. and be admitted at the proper time (to be judged of by the Congress of the United States) to the enjoyment of all the rights of citizens of the United States, according to the principles of the Constitution; and in the mean time, shall be maintained and protected in the free enjoyment of their liberty and property, and secured in the free exercise of their religion without restriction.
Immigration was seamless and lawful under this treaty. Same as today, Mexicans still do not have the right to emigrate where and as they please without the express permission of a neighboring foreign nation. Let's repeat the treaty's line: "and be admitted at the proper time (to be judged of by the Congress of the United States)."

The United States dictates its border policies, not social justice movements or victimization mythologies.  This interpretation of citizenship under this treaty is still enforce today, yet Mexicans and Mexican-Americans view their immigration status as a fluid "human right" fallacy that disrespects other people and other nations. 

All this information and Mexico's cessation of lands was reaffirmed in the Gadsden Purchase Treaty. A treaty Santa Ana signed because he ran his country into the ground and needed the money. That is fact.

If you would like more history factoids, please see our links and sources.

The United State's immigration laws and policies are not at fault in this matter only the "interpretation" of a bygone mythology that seeks to undermine treaties and relations between two neighboring countries.

The onslaught of Hispanic and Latin American influx defies the treaties already set with Mexico. A border fence would help stem the tide of illegal immigration into the United States. Yet a former Mexican President predicts any activities to protect American citizens from human and sex trafficking, violent gangs, and the illicit drug trade as well as illegal immigration is in Vicente Fox's summation: "would lead to a war with Mexico."

Election politics aside, the former Mexican President stated: “He is ugly America,” Fox continued, arguing Trump’s policies could lead to war. “He is the hated gringo because he’s attacking all of us. He’s offending all of us.”

Isn't invading a neighboring nation with over 30 million illegal immigrants over the decades an attack on a neighboring nation?  Isn't this aggressive behavior an act of war in and upon itself, Mr. Fox? During your time as the President of Mexico you oversaw this invasion first hand, wouldn't that suggest that you have already personally declared war on the United States?

Since the middle part of the 19th Century Mexico has fostered a mythology and now a social justice cause that promotes the disrespect of national boundaries, it encourages the illegal immigration of not only its own people but peoples from Latin America. Shouldn't these acts against American interests and sovereignty be considered acts of war since these acts void the intent of the aforementioned treaties to establish boundaries and enumerate conditions of respect as well as define American citizenship to be the right of our Congress to stipulate?

Mr. Fox should tread on this subject with more respect to Americans who are tired of unskilled, uneducated, and uninformed individuals transgressing our sovereign territory like no national boundaries exist for the implementation of an aggressive action against the United States government and its People to fulfill a defunct and illegitimate ideology comprising the hate-filled mythological Aztlan. 

What's more offensive? Being called thieves and liars? Being overrun by illegal immigrants who believe a racist mythology? Or, being told that our national sovereignty is an act of war?


Sources: History Channel, Mayomo, Buzzfeed, Movimiento Estudiantil Chican@ de Aztlan (MEChA),

Gadsden Purchase Treaty

Staff Writer, R. Patrcik Chapman
History / Treaties 
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BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

A PROCLAMATION.

WHEREAS a treaty between the United States of America and the Mexican Republic was concluded and signed at the City of Mexico on the thirtieth day of December, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-three; which treaty, as amended by the Senate of the United States, and being in the English and Spanish languages, is word for word as follows:
 
IN THE NAME OF ALMIGHTY GOD:

The Republic of Mexico and the United States of America desiring to remove every cause of disagreement which might interfere in any manner with the better friendship and intercourse between the two countries, and especially in respect to the true limits which should be established, when, notwithstanding what was covenanted in the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in the year 1848, opposite interpretations have been urged, which might give occasion to questions of serious moment: to avoid these, and to strengthen and more firmly maintain the peace which happily prevails between the two republics, the President of the United States has, for this purpose, appointed James Gadsden, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the same, near the Mexican government, and the President of Mexico has appointed as Plenipotentiary "ad hoc" his excellency Don Manuel Diez de Bonilla, cavalier grand cross of the national and distinguished order of Guadalupe, and Secretary of State, and of the office of Foreign Relations, and Don Jose Salazar Ylarregui and General Mariano Monterde as scientific commissioners, invested with full powers for this negotiation, who, having communicated their respective full powers, and finding them in due and proper form, have agreed upon the articles following:
 
ARTICLE I

The Mexican Republic agrees to designate the following as her true limits with the United States for the future: retaining the same dividing line between the two Californias as already defined and established, according to the 5th article of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, the limits between the two republics shall be as follows: Beginning in the Gulf of Mexico, three leagues from land, opposite the mouth of the Rio Grande, as provided in the 5th article of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo; thence, as defined in the said article, up the middle of that river to the point where the parallel of 31° 47' north latitude crosses the same; thence due west one hundred miles; thence south to the parallel of 31° 20' north latitude; thence along the said parallel of 31° 20' to the 111th meridian of longitude west of Greenwich; thence in a straight line to a point on the Colorado River twenty English miles below the junction of the Gila and Colorado rivers; thence up the middle of the said river Colorado until it intersects the present line between the United States and Mexico.

For the performance of this portion of the treaty, each of the two governments shall nominate one commissioner, to the end that, by common consent the two thus nominated, having met in the city of Paso del Norte, three months after the exchange of the ratifications of this treaty, may proceed to survey and mark out upon the land the dividing line stipulated by this article, where it shall not have already been surveyed and established by the mixed commission, according to the treaty of Guadalupe, keeping a journal and making proper plans of their operations. For this purpose, if they should judge it necessary, the contracting parties shall be at liberty each to unite to its respective commissioner, scientific or other assistants, such as astronomers and surveyors, whose concurrence shall not be considered necessary for the settlement and of a true line of division between the two Republics; that line shall be alone established upon which the commissioners may fix, their consent in this particular being considered decisive and an integral part of this treaty, without necessity of ulterior ratification or approval, and without room for interpretation of any kind by either of the parties contracting.

The dividing line thus established shall, in all time, be faithfully respected by the two governments, without any variation therein, unless of the express and free consent of the two, given in conformity to the principles of the law of nations, and in accordance with the constitution of each country respectively.

In consequence, the stipulation in the 5th article of the treaty of Guadalupe upon the boundary line therein described is no longer of any force, wherein it may conflict with that here established, the said line being considered annulled and abolished wherever it may not coincide with the present, and in the same manner remaining in full force where in accordance with the same.
 
ARTICLE II.

The government of Mexico hereby releases the United States from all liability on account of the obligations contained in the eleventh article of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo; and the said article and the thirty-third article of the treaty of amity, commerce, and navigation between the United States of America and the United Mexican States concluded at Mexico, on the fifth day of April, 1831, are hereby abrogated.
 
ARTICLE III.

In consideration of the foregoing stipulations, the Government of the United States agrees to pay to the government of Mexico, in the city of New York, the sum of ten millions of dollars, of which seven millions shall be paid immediately upon the exchange of the ratifications of this treaty, and the remaining three millions as soon as the boundary line shall be surveyed, marked, and established.
 
ARTICLE IV.

The provisions of the 6th and 7th articles of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo having been rendered nugatory, for the most part, by the cession of territory granted in the first article of this treaty, the said articles are hereby abrogated and annulled, and the provisions as herein expressed substituted therefor. The vessels, and citizens of the United States shall, in all time, have free and uninterrupted passage through the Gulf of California, to and from their possessions situated north of the boundary line of the two countries. It being understood that this passage is to be by navigating the Gulf of California and the river Colorado, and not by land, without the express consent of the Mexican government; and precisely the same provisions, stipulations, and restrictions, in all respects, are hereby agreed upon and adopted, and shall be scrupulously observed and enforced by the two contracting governments in reference to the Rio Colorado, so far and for such distance as the middle of that river is made their common boundary line by the first article of this treaty.

The several provisions, stipulations, and restrictions contained in the 7th article of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo shall remain in force only so far as regards the Rio Bravo del Forte, below the initial of the said boundary provided in the first article of this treaty; that is to say, below the intersection of the 31° 47'30'/ parallel of latitude, with the boundary line established by the late treaty dividing said river from its mouth upwards, according to the fifth article of the treaty of Guadalupe. 
 
ARTICLE V.

All the provisions of the eighth and ninth, sixteenth and seventeenth articles of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, shall apply to the territory ceded by the Mexican Republic in the first article of the present treaty, and to all the rights of persons and property, both civil and ecclesiastical, within the same, as fully and as effectually as if the said articles were herein again recited and set forth. 
 
ARTICLE VI.

No grants of land within the territory ceded by the first article of this treaty bearing date subsequent to the day-twenty-fifth of September-when the minister and subscriber to this treaty on the part of the United States, proposed to the Government of Mexico to terminate the question of boundary, will be considered valid or be recognized by the United States, or will any grants made previously be respected or be considered as obligatory which have not been located and duly recorded in the archives of Mexico.
 
ARTICLE VII.

Should there at any future period (which God forbid) occur any disagreement between the two nations which might lead to a rupture of their relations and reciprocal peace, they bind themselves in like manner to procure by every possible method the adjustment of every difference; and should they still in this manner not succeed, never will they proceed to a declaration of war, without having previously paid attention to what has been set forth in article twenty-one of the treaty of Guadalupe for similar cases; which article, as well as the twenty-second is here reaffirmed.
 
ARTICLE VIII.

The Mexican Government having on the 5th of February, 1853, authorized the early construction of a plank and railroad across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, and, to secure the stable benefits of said transit way to the persons and merchandise of the citizens of Mexico and the United States, it is stipulated that neither government will interpose any obstacle to the transit of persons and merchandise of both nations; and at no time shall higher charges be made on the transit of persons and property of citizens of the United States, than may be made on the persons and property of other foreign nations, nor shall any interest in said transit way, nor in the proceeds thereof, be transferred to any foreign government.

The United States, by its agents, shall have the right to transport across the isthmus, in closed bags, the mails of the United States not intended for distribution along the line of communication; also the effects of the United States government and its citizens, which may be intended for transit, and not for distribution on the isthmus, free of custom-house or other charges by the Mexican government. Neither passports nor letters of security will be required of persons crossing the isthmus and not remaining in the country.

When the construction of the railroad shall be completed, the Mexican government agrees to open a port of entry in addition to the port of Vera Cruz, at or near the terminus of said road on the Gulf of Mexico.

The two governments will enter into arrangements for the prompt transit of troops and munitions of the United States, which that government may have occasion to send from one part of its territory to another, lying on opposite sides of the continent.

The Mexican government having e agreed to protect with its whole power the prosecution, preservation, and security of the work, the United States may extend its protection as it shall judge wise to it when it may feel sanctioned and warranted by the public or international law.
 
ARTICLE IX.

This treaty shall be ratified, and the respective ratifications shall be exchanged at the city of Washington within the exact period of six months from the date of its signature, or sooner, if possible.

In testimony whereof, we, the plenipotentiaries of the contracting parties, have hereunto affixed our hands and seals at Mexico, the thirtieth (30th) day of December, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the thirty-third year of the independence of the Mexican republic, and the seventy-eighth of that of the United States. 
 
JAMES GADSDEN,
MANUEL DIEZ DE BONILLA
JOSE SALAZAR YLARBEGUI
J. MARIANO MONTERDE,


And whereas the said treaty, as amended, has been duly ratified on both parts, and the respective ratifications of the same have this day been exchanged at Washington, by WILLIAM L. MARCY, Secretary of State of the United States, and SENOR GENERAL DON JUAN N. ALMONTE, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the Mexican Republic, on the part of their respective Governments:

Now, therefore, be it known that I, FRANKLIN PIERCE, President of the United States of America, have caused the said treaty to be made public, to the end that the same, and every clause and article thereof, may be observed and fulfilled with good faith by the United States and the citizens thereof

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed.

Done at the city of Washington, this thirtieth day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, and of the Independence of the United States the seventy-eighth.

BY THE PRESIDENT:

FRANKLIN PIERCE,

W. L. MARCY, Secretary of State.


For history students: the Gadsden Purchase Treaty as first negotiated, (in English and Spanish), December 30, 1853 as found in the National Archives.

Source: Yale Law Library